Like almost everybody knows, Dubai in 80’s decade, was a simple desert
without emotions, now is one of the 7 emirates that form the United Arab
Emirates, that receives about 6 million of tourist per year, and that's thanks
for the technology, the skyscrapers more larger and luxurious in the world, the
transatlantic floating hotels and his artificial islands with luxuries
millionaires.
That's why in this document we going to talk about a little of his history
and how the technology impact on his economy and how the oil industry was
important in their economy, also how they become a global city and a business
and cultural hub of the Middle East and the Persian Gulf region.
Oil
discovered
Dubai growth is beginning when first discovered the oil in that region.
That was the main factor for the new beginning of Dubai, so to speak. This
happens in the 60's, thanks to the discovery of oil, to the end of the 60's,
Dubai already had a good infrastructure to grow: as roads, bridges, supply of
electricity and water, as well as also an airport and a system
telecommunications. Also Dubai started to export oil and that was a big help
for their economy.
Thanks to strong sales of oil at a high price, Sheikh Saeed Al Maktoum,
the chairman in that moment, started planning what would be the Dubai we know
today.
In 1971 was founded the United Arab Emirates, an important day for
their.
Then, in the 80's, Dubai prospered financially. The airport has his own
airline Emirates Airlines, also they built sports and recreational facilities
and as well they began to think of tourism as a source of additional income.
When the chairman Sheikh Saeed Al Maktoum died, his son inherited the
position. The new chairman had more ambitious plans for Dubai than his father,
and thanks to these ambitious plans Dubai is what we know today.
Within OPEC member countries, United Arab Emirate ranks fifth in oil
production, and in 2000 generated 8.6% of the total production of OPEC, and
occurred on 3% of world production. For 1992, the oil sector accounted for 27%
of GDP, ie 1 in 3 dollars, were generated by this sector, but by 2002, the
share of the oil sector in the economy declined significantly represented only
7% of the total. From 1993-2002 oil exports grew by only 3% and in particular
oil which accounts for 72% of oil exports had a growth rate annual average of
only 1.5% (SECTUR, 2005)
The oil was the main weapon for growing genre Dubai as capital and that
helps the city grow because they had too
many tax and where to invest in improving Dubai. Therefore became the main
strategic resource.
In actuality, Dubai's economy is currently 20% dependent on oil. Trade
and services dominate its economy. Inside the trades and the services, it
included tourism. The tourism is where they get most of their incomes. The
reasons are a lot.
Tourism
Tourism in Dubai it's not for average people is for the rich and
powerful people of the world. Because Dubai comprises a wide range of scenery
in very small area and with that the tourist can experience all in one day,
from beautiful mountains and wonderful dunes sunny beaches and green parks, and
can also enjoy a day of sky in snow in the desert. And for the nightlife Dubai
houses many types of western style bars presents a lively variety of panoramas.
In 2010 creating the world´s tallest building, which is called Burj
Dubai, also known as the Burj Khalifa, the height of this skyscraper is 818 m
Its construction took more than five years and cost more than 20,000 million.
Before this building, the tallest tower in the world was the Taipei 101. All
this attracts a lot of tourism.
“Other technology that you will have the world's first refrigerated
beach, artificially constructed to avoid problems with the temperature of the
sand. Near this is going to be a hotel called Palazzo Versace ultra-luxurious
hotel” (CESTUR, 2005)
“Equal features the most modern subway is pretty quick, clean and
economical. As important development, the metro runs completely automatically.
Their hotels are the most modern from hotels aquatic. Between architectural
works that will be in 2012 in Dubai is the JW Marriott Marquis 355 meters high
which will open next October becoming the world's tallest hotel.” (CESTUR, 2005)
“Equally Vertical neighborhood will have a solar powered, will be a type
of residential hotel entertainment areas, called Vertical Village, will
absolutely cover solar panels” (CESTUR, 2005)
Equal Dubai architecture is distinguished by a continuous research in
the field of sustainability or better efficiency and autonomy from the
energetic point of view.
Now the technology is related to architecture and creating the best
hotels but use water saving devices and support the environment light.
“Dubai is the city with the largest ecological footprint in the world
according to WWF, 6 times higher than the world average, and the implementation
of renewable energy in its skyscrapers barely offset mortgage of uncontrolled
urban form” (CESTUR, 2005)
This also includes high-tech buildings and great implementation of
renewable energy, such as the amazing tower project 10 MW of Studied Impact.
The project consists of a skyscraper for offices that incorporate in their
structure plates and 10MW turbines capable of obtaining energy from clean
source.
Dubai technologies
Dubai is characterized by its magnificent tourism equally by large
ostentidades from hotels, skyscrapers equally for its great technology
architectural that that enchant everyone counts.
Currently is considered a very important door for the West which among
other advantages is a major global financial center in a time zone that lacked
such infrastructure, strategically located between the financial capitals of
London and Singapore.
Trade is one of the most important activities of the Dubai economy has
had a huge boost from the huge facilities that are offered to foreign
investors. From its beginnings Dubai was closely linked to trade, in 1908 there
were more than 350 specialty stores and 50 in Bur Deira Dubai. The
concentration of these and their evolution gave rise to the current souks.
And why not? For car enthusiasts the city is synonymous with exclusive
supercars as often unique pieces are outrageous. In fact the vast fortunes accumulated
by native or foreign investors in the Gulf cities have influenced the
automotive industry in an obvious way for decades, but especially in the last
20 years. The limited editions of only a few dozen copies at astronomical
prices of the world's most desirable cars (call Ferrari, Porsche, Maserati,
Pagani, Bugatti, McLaren)
The environmental impact of
development
Dubai, because of their growth, from a desert to be an incredibly
technological city, of course has a severe impact on the environment. It is
worth to note that you can’t grow as fast without affecting the environment
through which it is inserted.
The effect of dredging is the short term impact of observable, where the
extraction of sand from the seabed and large sand drifts alter the ecosystem,
which in the affected areas can be seen that there are fewer fish and turtles
near Jumeirah sector, as well as the large existing damage to corals in the
marine ecosystem of this town that has been compromised due to change in this.
The Dubai Gulf waters are not as clear as before, have muddied because
of sediment caused by the extraction of sand and is also burying coral reefs,
oyster beds and subterranean fields of grass threaten marine with marine
species, as well as those who depend on them for food (Butler, 2008).
The Palm Islands are a group of three artificial islands currently under
construction, which are among the largest in the world of its kind. The names
of the islands are Jumeirah, Jebel Ali and Deira. The Palm Jumeirah and Jebel
Ali in construction require 100 million cubic meters of rock and sand. The Palm
Deira will have a volume of sand and rock ten times greater than that of the
Palms Jumeirah and Jebel Ali. The islands will have large residential areas,
villas, apartments, restaurants, theme parks, entertainment, marinas, shopping
malls and luxury hotels.
But the negative side of the construction of these three artificial
islands has led to destroy the local marine life. In October 2005, the alarm
was raised when thousands of fish were found dead on the shores of Sharjah, one
of the seven brothers who formed the United Arab Emirates. “The research
carried out by the emirate managed to establish that the cause was from Dubai,
the fish had arrived by sea currents drawn from the coast of the emirate, not
content with this test, quality experts thoroughly studied water off the coast
of Sharjah, and determined that the reason was not pollution in the area, but
rather the fact so many tons of sand dredged from the sea is tragic if you
think about it carefully. When vacuuming sand, dredging takes with all life on
the ocean floor, coral reefs both like fish and other sea creatures. In
addition, sand and rock that is collected is then dumped elsewhere, burying
everything in its path and ending with their lives in the place where it is
deposited. Both removal of land also produces greenhouse kind in the water, not
letting the light.” (Ibarra, 2008).
Conclusion
Dubai has presented a puzzle because its development results are unusual
in comparison with the other Arab monarchies of the Persian Gulf. Contrary to
expectations based on local trends, as well as the regional development
literature, Dubai has achieved a diversified economy and a high degree of
political stability.
Also, we can say that Dubai started in a modest way that perhaps many
believed it would not be such an important city as it is now. Something that
helped was the ambition of the king of Dubai but also what impulse was more oil
that have helped them better buyers or investors improve. Dubai mentioned now
if people react in a way astonished saying it is one of the best cities or the
city who want to know
The liberal and modernist attitude of their governors turned Dubai
investment in an area attractive to traders from India and Persia, and the
discovery of oil in 1966 boosted economic growth in the area.
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